Description
Product Usage Information
This formulation is ideal for use with technologies requiring specialized or custom antibody labeling, including fluorophores, metals, lanthanides, and oligonucleotides. It is not recommended for ChIP, ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN or CUT&Tag assays. If you require a carrier free formulation for chromatin profiling, please contact us . Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user. BSA and Azide Free antibodies are quality control tested by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to determine antibody integrity.
Formulation
Supplied in 1X PBS (10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 3 mM KCl, 2 mM KH 2 PO 4 , and 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.8)). BSA and Azide Free.
Storage
Store at -20°C. This product will freeze at -20°C so it is recommended to aliquot into single-use vials to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles. A slight precipitate may be present and can be dissolved by gently vortexing. This will not interfere with antibody performance.
Specificity / Sensitivity
The Akt1 (2H10) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free) detects endogenous levels of Akt1, regardless of its phosphorylation state and does not cross-react with Akt2 and Akt3.
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Met458 of human Akt1.
Background
Akt, also referred to as PKB or Rac, plays a critical role in controlling cell survival and apoptosis (1-3). This protein kinase is activated by insulin and various growth and survival factors to function in a wortmannin-sensitive pathway involving PI3 kinase (2,3). Akt is activated by phospholipid binding and activation loop phosphorylation at Thr308 by PDK1 (4) and by phosphorylation within the carboxy terminus at Ser473. The previously elusive PDK2 responsible for phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 has been identified as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in a rapamycin-insensitive complex with rictor and Sin1 (5,6). Akt promotes cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis through phosphorylation and inactivation of several targets, including Bad (7), forkhead transcription factors (8), c-Raf (9), and caspase-9. PTEN phosphatase is a major negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (10). LY294002 is a specific PI3 kinase inhibitor (11). Another essential Akt function is the regulation of glycogen synthesis through phosphorylation and inactivation of GSK-3α and β (12,13). Akt may also play a role in insulin stimulation of glucose transport (12). In addition to its role in survival and glycogen synthesis, Akt is involved in cell cycle regulation by preventing GSK-3β-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of cyclin D1 (14) and by negatively regulating the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27 Kip1 (15) and p21 Waf1/Cip1 (16). Akt also plays a critical role in cell growth by directly phosphorylating mTOR in a rapamycin-sensitive complex containing raptor (17). More importantly, Akt phosphorylates and inactivates tuberin (TSC2), an inhibitor of mTOR within the mTOR-raptor complex (18,19). Three mammalian Akt isoforms have been identified: Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. Akt2 and Akt3 have 81% and 83% identity in amino acid sequences with Akt1, respectively (18).
Alternate Names
AKT; AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; AKT1; AKT1 kinase; AKT1m; MGC99656; PKB; PKB alpha; PKB-ALPHA; PRKBA; Protein kinase B; Protein kinase B alpha; Proto-oncogene c-Akt; RAC; rac protein kinase alpha; RAC-ALPHA; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; RAC-PK-alpha; serine-threonine protein kinase; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene-like protein 1
