Description
Product Usage Information
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting
Specificity / Sensitivity
14-3-3 epsilon Antibody detects endogenous levels of total 14-3-3 ε protein.
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human 14-3-3 ε protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Background
The 14-3-3 family of proteins plays a key regulatory role in signal transduction, checkpoint control, apoptotic and nutrient-sensing pathways (1,2). 14-3-3 proteins are highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed. There are at least seven isoforms, β, γ, ε, Ï, ζ, Ï, and η that have been identified in mammals. The initially described α and δ isoforms are confirmed to be phosphorylated forms of β and ζ, respectively (3). Through their amino-terminal α helical region, 14-3-3 proteins form homo- or heterodimers that interact with a wide variety of proteins: transcription factors, metabolic enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, kinases, phosphatases, and other signaling molecules (3,4). The interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with their targets is primarily through a phospho-Ser/Thr motif. However, binding to divergent phospho-Ser/Thr motifs, as well as phosphorylation independent interactions has been observed (4). 14-3-3 binding masks specific sequences of the target protein, and therefore, modulates target protein localization, phosphorylation state, stability, and molecular interactions (1-4). 14-3-3 proteins may also induce target protein conformational changes that modify target protein function (4,5). Distinct temporal and spatial expression patterns of 14-3-3 isoforms have been observed in development and in acute response to extracellular signals and drugs, suggesting that 14-3-3 isoforms may perform different functions despite their sequence similarities (4). Several studies suggest that 14-3-3 isoforms are differentially regulated in cancer and neurological syndromes (2,3).
Alternate Names
14-3-3 epsilon; 14-3-3 protein epsilon; 14-3-3E; 1433E; epididymis luminal protein 2; FLJ45465; FLJ53559; HEL2; KCIP-1; MDCR; MDS; mitochondrial import stimulation factor L subunit; protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide; tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide; YWHAE
