Description
Key facts
Sample types:Cell culture extracts, Tissue,
Reacts with:Mouse, Rat,
Assay type:Sandwich (quantitative),
Assay Platform:Reagents
Product details:
ab109878(MS432) contains 30 or 90 dipsticks and necessary components to quantify the activity of the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme complex from mouse and rat samples. The kit includes sufficient materials to generate a standard curve and evaluate several unknown samples.
Using an antibody immobilized on the dipstick that specifically recognizes COX, the enzyme complex is immno-captured (i.e immuno-precipitated in active form) and enzyme activity is determined directly on the dipstick. Using a traditional method for determining COX enzyme activity by histo-chemical methods and in-gel activity assays, Di-amino benzidinetetrachloride (DAB) serves as the reporter of COX activity. The greater the signal of precipitated DAB, the greater the amount of COX enzyme complex. In addition, the reaction is cyanide sensitive. The signal intensity is best measured by a dipstick reader or may be analyzed by another imaging system.
Store dipsticks at room temperature in their provided container and out of direct sunlight.
High humidity conditions should be avoided.
Store Buffer A, B, and C at 4°C or at -20°C for long term storage.
Store Tubes 1 and 2 at -20°C or at -80°C for long term storage; they can also be aliquoted upon receipt to prevent freeze/thaw cycles.
Tube 3 can be stored at room temperature.
Range of complex IV / cytochrome c oxidase assay kits
Biochemical assay -
ab239711
Immunocapture with biochemical assay (plate-based) -
ab109911
(rodent) and
ab109909
(human)
Immunocapture with biochemical assay (dipstick) - ab109878 (rodent) (this kit) and
ab109876
(human)
Immunocapture with biochemical assay and ELISA -
ab109910
(human)
ELISA -
ab179880
(human)
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Dry Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-Multi, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Multi, Storage information-Please refer to protocols
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Complex IV also known as cytochrome c oxidase is an important component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. This enzyme complex has significant mass approximately 204 kDa and operates primarily in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen facilitating ATP generation. Complex IV is ubiquitously expressed in all tissues with higher expression in organs with high energy demands like heart and skeletal muscle. This enzyme is composed of multiple subunits encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA.
Biological function summary
Cytochrome c oxidase plays a critical role in cellular respiration. It forms part of the larger enzyme complex which also includes Complex I II and III. These complexes work together to create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane essential for ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. This enzyme's activity is measured through assays like the cytochrome c oxidase assay which evaluates its function in various tissues. These assays help researchers understand how effectively electrons are being transferred and protons are driven across the membrane.
Pathways
Complex IV is integral to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and the broader mitochondrial respiratory chain. It interacts closely with cytochrome c a small heme protein that shuttles electrons between Complex III (cytochrome c reductase) and Complex IV. Through these interactions the proton gradient is established enabling ATP synthase to convert chemical energy into usable cell energy. This process significantly impacts cellular metabolism and energy production influencing how efficiently cells function.
Complex IV dysfunction is associated with mitochondrial diseases and certain neurodegenerative disorders. For instance defects in cytochrome c oxidase lead to conditions like Leigh syndrome a severe neurological disorder. Also studies show that disruptions in the electron transport chain involving Complex IV relate closely to Alzheimer’s disease. Alterations in proteins like cytochrome c which work in tandem with Complex IV can exacerbate these conditions highlighting the importance of this target in understanding and potentially treating these diseases.
