Description
The MP6-XT22 antibody specifically binds to mouse Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF, also known as TNF-α). TNF is produced by many activated cell types including monocytes, macrophages, astrocytes, granulocytes, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, adipocytes, and certain tumor cells. Activated cells express type II transmembrane TNF glycoproteins that associate as homotrimeric complexes. After enzymatic cleavage, the extracellular regions of membrane TNF are shed as soluble homotrimers. TNF is a potent multifunctional cytokine that can exert regulatory and cytotoxic effects on a wide range of normal lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells and tumor cells. Although TNF serves as a primary mediator in protective immune responses against microbial and viral pathogens, it can also drive systemic pathophysiologic responses including septic shock, cachexia and autoimmune diseases. Mouse TNF exerts its biological activities by binding and signaling through cell surface membrane Type I and Type II TNF Receptors (aka, TNFRI/CD120a and TNFRII/CD120b, respectively).
Recommended Assay Procedure: Blocking Control for Intracellular Staining: The purified MP6-XT22 antibody (Cat. No. 554416) can be used as a blocking control to demonstrate specificity of TNF protein staining by directly conjugated -MP6-XT22 antibody. To perform this control, the fixed/permeabilized cells (~ 1 million) can be incubated with 1 -10 µg of unlabeled MP6-XT22 antibody (Cat. No. 554416) for 20 minutes at 4°C, prior to staining with directly conjugated antibody (e.g., 0.1 -0.5 µg mAb/1 million cells). The intracellular cytokine staining technique and use of blocking controls are described in detail by C. Prussin and D. Metcalfe. For specific methodology, please visit our web site, www.bdbiosciences.com, and go to the protocols section or the chapter on intracellular staining in the Immune Function Handbook. ELISA Capture: The purified MP6-XT22 antibody (Cat. No. 554416) is useful as a capture antibody for a sandwich ELISA for measuring mouse TNF protein levels. Purified MP6-XT22 antibody can be paired with the biotinylated polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse/rat TNF antibody (Cat. No 557432) as the detecting antibody, with recombinant mouse TNF (Cat. No. 554589) as the standard. This pair measures total TNF, free TNF as well as TNF bound by soluble receptors. Note : This ELISA pair is recommended primarily for measuring cytokine from experimental cell culture systems. These ELISA reagents are not recommended for assaying serum or plasma samples. For measuring Mouse TNF in serum or plasma our Mouse TNF BD OptEIA™ Set (Cat. No. 558534) or BD OptEIA Kit (Cat. No. 559732) are specially formulated and recommended. WB: The MP6-XT22 antibody has been reported to be useful for Western blotting. Please note that this application is not routinely tested at BD Biosciences Pharmingen.
The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. Store undiluted at 4°C.
1. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
2. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
3. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
