Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Urine, Plasma, Tissue Extracts, Cell culture supernatant, Serum, Other biological fluids,
Assay type:Quantitative,
Sensitivity:> 1 nmol/well,
Assay time:40m,
Assay Platform:Microplate reader
Product details:
Fumarate Assay Kit ab102516 provides a convenient tool for sensitive detection of Fumarate in biological samples.
Fumarate assay principle
In the fumarate assay protocol, the fumarate enzyme mix recognizes fumarate as a specific substrate leading to proportional color development. The amount of fumarate can therefore be easily quantified using a colorimetric assay (450 nm).
The assay can detect as low as 1 nmol of fumarate per well (20 uM).
Fumurate assay protocol summary
- add samples and standards to wells
- add reaction mix and incubate for 1 hr
- analyze with a microplate reader
Other Notes
This product was previously called K633 Biovision Fumarate Colorimetric Assay Kit. Biovision was acquired by Abcam in 2021.
Fumarate (HO2CCH=CHCO2H-) is an intermediate in the Kreb's cycle used by cells to metabolize food to form ATP. In the mammalian liver, Fumarate is also a product of the Urea cycle where its release in the cytosol leads to its conversion into malate and subsequently oxaloacetate while generating NADH in the cytosol.
REACH authorisation
Abcam has not and does not intend to apply for the REACH Authorisation of customers' uses of products that contain European Authorisation list (Annex XIV) substances.
It is the responsibility of our customers to check the necessity of application of REACH Authorisation, and any other relevant authorisations, for their intended uses.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Storage information--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Fumarate also known as fumaric acid is an important intermediate in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle). This molecule has a relatively low molecular weight of about 116.07 g/mol. Fumarate is present in various tissues throughout the body particularly in cells with high metabolic activity where the citric acid cycle is active. As a component of cellular respiration fumarate plays an important role in energy production and metabolism facilitating the continuation of the cycle by converting succinate to malate through the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase.
Biological function summary
The role of fumarate extends beyond its mechanical conversion functions. It takes part in several cellular processes and is involved in redox reactions. It serves as a substrate for the enzyme fumarase which catalyzes the reversible hydration to malate further linking it with metabolic and redox equilibria. Additionally fumarate forms part of the succinate dehydrogenase complex which integrates into both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain having a dual function in energy production.
Pathways
Fumarate integrates within the interconnected web of the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. These pathways are important for oxidative phosphorylation where ATP production occurs. The fumarate transformation conducted by succinate dehydrogenase positions it within a protein complex pivotal for these pathways. This intertwined connection signifies an important relationship with other metabolic intermediates and proteins like NADH and ATP synthase which are necessary for cellular energy balance.
Fumarate has associations with conditions like fumarase deficiency and hereditary leiomyomatosis. Fumarase deficiency brings about severe neurological abnormalities due to disruptions in cellular energy metabolism. The relationship between fumarate and certain tumors involves its interaction with proteins such as fumarate hydratase where mutations can lead to abnormal accumulation and oncogenesis. Understanding fumarate's biochemical role may provide further insights into therapeutic pathways for these conditions.
