Description
Key facts
Detection method:Fluorescent,
Sample types:Suspension cells, Adherent cells,
Assay type:Direct,
Assay Platform:Microplate reader
Product details:
ab112150 is designed to detect cell apoptosis by measuring the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential. The collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pores, leading to the release of cytochrome C into the cytosol, which in turn triggers other downstream events in the apoptotic cascade.
ab112150 NIR Mitochondria Membrane Potential Assay Kit provides all the essential components with an optimized assay method. This fluorometric assay uses our proprietary cationic MitoNIR Dye for the detection of the mitochondrial membrane potential change in cells. In normal cells, the red fluorescence intensity is increased when NIR Dye is accumulated in the mitochondria. However, in apoptotic cells, NIR stain intensity is decreased following the collapse of MMP. Cells stained with NIR Dye can be monitored fluorimetrically at Em = 660-680 nm with excitation at Ex = 620-640 nm.
ab112150 can be used for screening apoptosis activators and inhibitors. The assay can be performed in a convenient 96-well and 384-well fluorescence microtiter-plate format.
**Related assays**Review the to learn about kits to perform a , and . Review the to learn about assays for metabolites, metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, and also about how to assay metabolic function in live cells using your plate reader.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Storage information--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
The mitochondrial membrane potential also known as ΔΨm is the electrical potential difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This potential results from the electrochemical gradient produced by the proton pumps during electron transport chain activity. The mechanical function of the mitochondrial membrane potential is important to ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial membranes are widely expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells and are an essential component of cellular metabolism. The inner membrane is structured to facilitate its function housing integral proteins that are key to maintaining the potential.
Biological function summary
The mitochondrial membrane potential drives ATP synthesis by powering ATP synthase an enzyme complex embedded in the mitochondrial membrane. This potential also plays a vital role in other processes such as calcium homeostasis and regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. The mitochondrial membrane itself forms part of the larger mitochondrial respiratory chain complex coordinating with components like complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) and complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) to maintain cell energy needs and respond to metabolic demands.
Pathways
The mitochondrial membrane potential is integral to cellular energy metabolism pathways such as the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial membrane potential modulation can affect signaling proteins like cytochrome c which is instrumental in apoptosis. Apoptotic signaling pathways involving proteins such as Bax and Bcl-2 influence the mitochondrial membrane potential and regulate cell survival or death in response to cellular stress or damage.
Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential relate significantly to conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's dysregulation of mitochondrial membrane potential can lead to impaired energy production and increased oxidative stress. Cancer cells often exhibit altered mitochondrial membrane potential affecting processes like apoptosis and enabling survival in adverse conditions. These alterations in potential impact proteins such as p53 which play critical roles in cancer progression and neurodegenerative disease pathology.
