Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Tissue Extracts, Cell Lysate,
Reacts with:Human,
Assay type:Sandwich (qualitative),
Sensitivity:> 6 µg/mL,
Range:6 - 250 µg/mL,
Assay Platform:Microplate
Product details:
Apoptosis-inducing factor is a mitochondrial enzyme with probable oxidoreductase activity which functions to regulate Complex I activity in the mitochondrial membrane. When mitochondria are damaged, as in apoptosis, AIF can migrate to the cytosol and nucleus. AIF in the nucleus signals chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. This method of programmed cell death (apoptosis) does not require caspase activation.
In addition to its role in apoptosis defects in AIF1 are the cause of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 6 (COXPD6). COXPD6 is a mitochondrial disease resulting in a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by psychomotor delay, hypotonia, areflexia, muscle weakness and wasting.
Get results in 90 minutes with Human AIF ELISA Kit (Apoptosis-Inducing Factor 1) (ab184858) from our SimpleStep ELISA
range.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
AIF short for Apoptosis-Inducing Factor is a flavoprotein characterized by its mass of approximately 57 kDa. It resides in the mitochondria of cells where it plays a decisive role in apoptosis. Under normal conditions AIF remains in the mitochondrial intermembrane space but when cells receive apoptotic signals AIF translocates to the nucleus leading to chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation. The protein is also known as AIFM1 and performs functions beyond apoptosis including regulation of reactive oxygen species. Often analyzed using tools like a mitochondrial AB marker researchers use AIF as an important part of understanding cell death mechanisms.
Biological function summary
AIF functions as an important element in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Once released from mitochondria AIF triggers a caspase-independent pathway of apoptosis making it distinct from other pathways where caspases are central. While not part of a larger protein complex AIF interacts closely with several mitochondrial and nuclear elements to execute its functions. Researchers often monitor AIF activity using apoptosis ELISA kits which help in precise detection and quantification of this protein within cellular systems.
Pathways
The presence and activity of AIF align with the broader apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial respiration. AIF links significantly with other molecules like cytochrome c released during apoptosis although cytochrome c follows a caspase-dependent pathway. It also shows involvement in various cellular injury and stress response pathways reinforcing its role as a major player in cellular fate decisions and intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms.
AIF holds relevance in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and certain forms of cancer. Misregulation or mutations in AIF can lead to increased susceptibility to these conditions highlighting its importance in maintaining normal cellular and mitochondrial function. AIF also interacts with other proteins implicated in these disorders such as E2F1 in cancer which shares similar apoptotic regulatory roles. These interactions highlight the biological significance of AIF beyond its fundamental apoptosis function making it a potential target for therapeutic interventions.
