Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Saliva, Urine, Plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum,
Assay type:Competitive,
Assay time:3h,
Assay Platform:Microplate
Product details:
Abcam's Cyclic GMP (cGMP)
in vitro
competitive ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is designed for the accurate quantitative measurement of Cyclic GMP in saliva, plasma (Heparin, EDTA), urine, and serum and tissue culture supernatants.
A goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody has been precoated onto 96-well plates. Standards or test samples are added to the wells, along with an alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugated-cGMP antigen and a polyclonal rabbit antibody specific to cGMP. After incubation the excess reagents are washed away. pNpp substrate is added. After a short incubation the alkaline phosphatase enzyme reaction is stopped and the yellow color generated is read at 405 nm. The intensity of the yellow coloration is inversely proportional to the amount of cGMP captured in the plate.
Guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP; cGMP) has been shown to be present at levels typically 10-100 fold lower than cAMP in most tissues and is formed by the action of the enzyme guanylate cyclase on GTP. It is involved in a number of important biological reactions. Some hormones, such as acetylcholine, insulin and oxytocin, as well as certain other chemicals like serotonin and histamine cause an increase in cGMP levels. Stimulators of guanylate cyclase such as the vasodilators nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, sodium nitrate and nitric oxide (NO) also stimulate cGMP levels. Peptides, such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) that relax smooth muscle also increase cGMP concentrations. cGMP has been confirmed as a second messenger for ANP. NO can be synthesized from L-arginine and diffuse through cell membranes. The interaction of NO with guanylate cyclase allows cGMP to act as a third messenger in some cells.
Cross Reactivity
Compound
% Cross Reactivity
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-Multi, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Multi, Storage information-Please refer to protocols
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate commonly known as cGMP is a second messenger important in various physiological processes. It has a molecular mass of 345.2 g/mol. cGMP is produced as a result of the conversion of GTP by the enzyme guanylate cyclase and is degraded by phosphodiesterases. cGMP is expressed in several tissues including the brain heart and vascular smooth muscle cells. It plays significant roles in cell signaling and cellular communication.
Biological function summary
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate influences vasodilation and neurotransmission. It functions within cellular signaling complexes and often partners with proteins such as protein kinases to achieve its biological effects. cGMP facilitates the relaxation of smooth muscle tissues impacting cardiovascular health by regulating blood vessel dilation. Similarly it modulates neural signaling affecting processes like memory formation and vision.
Pathways
CGMP plays an important role in the nitric oxide signaling pathway and the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) pathway. Within the nitric oxide signaling pathway cGMP works in coordination with nitric oxide synthase and protein kinase G to mediate vasodilation. In the ANP pathway cGMP acts downstream of guanylate cyclase-linked receptors in maintaining cardiovascular and renal functions interconnecting with proteins like atrial natriuretic peptide to regulate blood pressure and volume.
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate is associated with hypertension and erectile dysfunction. Its role in vascular regulation links it to hypertension where decreased cGMP levels can elevate blood pressure. Additionally in erectile dysfunction cGMP imbalance disrupts proper blood flow regulation necessary for erection. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as sildenafil target cGMP pathways to restore normal function in these conditions highlighting the protein’s involvement in disease treatments.
