Key facts
CAS number:57186-25-1,
Purity:>98%,
Form:SolidSee storage information,
Source:Penicillium paxilli,
Molecular weight:435.6 Da,
Molecular formula:C27H33NO4,
PubChem:105008,
Nature:Native,
Solubility:Soluble in DMSO to 100 mMSoluble in ethanol to 10 mM,
Biochemical name:Paxilline,
Biological description:Potent high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+channel blocker (Ki = 2 nM, α-subunit BKCa)Inhibits sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (IC50 = 5 - 50 μM). Shows anticonvulsant effects *in vivo.*,
Canonical smiles:CC12CCC3C(=CC(=O)C(O3)C(C)(C)O)C1(CCC4C2(C5=C(C4)C6=CC=CC=C6N5)C)O,
Isomeric smiles:C[C@]12CC[C@H]3C(=CC(=O)[C@H](O3)C(C)(C)O)[C@@]1(CC[C@@H]4[C@@]2(C5=C(C4)C6=CC=CC=C6N5)C)O,
InChi:InChI=1S/C27H33NO4/c1-24(2,30)23-20(29)14-18-21(32-23)10-11-25(3)26(4)15(9-12-27(18,25)31)13-17-16-7-5-6-8-19(16)28-22(17)26/h5-8,14-15,21,23,28,30-31H,9-13H2,1-4H3/t15-,21-,23-,25+,26+,27+/m0/s1,
InChiKey:ACNHBCIZLNNLRS-UBGQALKQSA-N,
IUPAC Name:(1S,2R,5S,7R,11S,14S)-11-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1,2-dimethyl-6-oxa-23-azahexacyclo[12.10.0.02,11.05,10.016,24.017,22]tetracosa-9,16(24),17,19,21-pentaen-8-one
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Ambient - Can Ship with Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Storage information-Store under desiccating conditions, The product can be stored for up to 12 months
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Geminin also referred to as GMNN is a protein that regulates DNA replication. It has approximately 25 kDa mass. Geminin inhibits DNA replication by preventing the loading of the mini-chromosome maintenance complex onto DNA during the cell cycle. This function ensures that DNA replication takes place only once per cell cycle. Geminin expresses mainly in tissues with high proliferative activity such as the developing nervous system and hematopoietic cells. Its interaction with other proteins plays a significant role in controlling cell cycle progression.
Biological function summary
In a cellular context Geminin forms part of a complex with the nuclear protein Cdt1. This complex is essential in the regulation of the cell cycle's S phase. Geminin's function restricts DNA replication by binding to Cdt1 and stopping its activity which is necessary during the G1/S phase transition. By doing so it preserves the integrity of genetic information and prevents re-replication. Geminin's inhibition remains strict until it is degraded during mitosis allowing Cdt1 to resume its function in the following cell cycle.
Pathways
The regulation of Geminin is important to maintaining proper DNA replication and cell cycle integrity. Geminin plays a role in the cell cycle control pathway particularly during the G1 to S phase transition. Additionally it interfaces with other proteins like Paxillin which is involved in cell adhesion and movement. Although not directly linked in a pathway Paxillin's role in regulating cellular dynamics can influence cell cycle processes in which Geminin is involved. Geminin also serves as a K blocker relevant in maintaining genetic stability.
Aberrations in Geminin activity can lead to severe conditions such as cancer. Its overexpression or misregulation has a link to various tumor types due to its effect on uncontrolled cell proliferation. Geminin's interaction with proteins like Paxillin and Cyclin-dependent kinases also relates to cancer progression as these interactions may involve changes in cellular adhesion and cycle checkpoints. Therefore understanding Geminin's role offers valuable insight for potential therapeutic targets in oncology.
