Description
Key facts
Detection method:Fluorescent,
Sample types:Cell culture extracts, Tissue Extracts,
Assay type:Enzyme activity,
Assay time:1h,
Assay Platform:Microplate reader
Product details:
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Activity Assay Kit (Fluorometric) ab156064 detects HDAC activity in lysates.
The HDAC Activity Assay Kit is primarily designed for the evaluation of HDAC inhibitors using a crude HDAC fraction. Also, any cultured primary cell, cell line, or tissue homogenate can be assayed for HDAC activity with the kit if the appropriate dose of HDAC specific inhibitor e.g. Trichostatin A is used.
The HDAC activity assay protocol is based on an acetylated peptide which is conjugated to AMC. AMC is a fluorescent dye and its fluoresence is quenched when conjugated to the peptide. When the HDAC de-acetylates the peptide, it becomes susceptible to cleavage by an enzyme (the Developer component). This then releases free AMC, which can be measured using a fluorescence microplate reader (Ex/Em 355/460 nm).
The HDAC assay has been shown to detect the activity of the HDAC family, at least class I HDACs in Human or animal cell lysates or in column fractions. The assay shows good linearity of sample response. The assay may be used to follow the purification of HDACs or may be used to detect the presence of HDACs in cell lysates.
Applications for this kit include:
1. Monitoring the purification of HDACs including HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8.
2. Screening inhibitors or activators of HDACs.
3. Detecting the effects of pharmacological agents on HDACs.
Background information on HDACs
Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), allowing the histones to wrap the DNA more tightly.
HDAC proteins occur in four groups (class I, class IIA, class IIB, class III, class IV) based on function and DNA sequence similarity.
Classes I, IIA and IIB are considered "classical" HDACs whose activities are inhibited by trichostatin A (TSA), whereas class III is a family of NAD+-dependent proteins (sirtuins) not affected by TSA. Class IV is considered an atypical class on its own, based solely on DNA sequence similarity to the others.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Dry Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--80°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Multi, Storage information-Please refer to protocols
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
HDAC1 also known as Histone Deacetylase 1 is a member of the histone deacetylase family with a molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa. Mechanically HDAC1 removes acetyl groups from lysine residues on histone proteins an action known as histone deacetylation. This process causes chromatin structure to become more compact which leads to transcriptional repression. HDAC1 is broadly expressed in various tissues particularly in the brain heart and kidneys and is vital for cellular development and differentiation.
Biological function summary
The enzymatic activity of histone deacetylase effectively controls gene expression. HDAC1 participates as a part of the multiprotein complexes including SIN3 and NuRD which play vital roles in the regulation of transcription. By altering the acetylation state of histones HDAC1 influences chromatin remodeling thereby affecting the accessibility of transcription factors to DNA and controlling genes necessary for cell cycle progression and proliferation.
Pathways
The function of HDAC1 fits into the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis pathways. In the cell cycle pathway HDAC1 interacts with other histone deacetylases (HDACs) and plays a role in controlling the progression of the cell division. The interplay between HDAC1 and proteins such as p53 further showcases its regulatory activity in apoptosis ensuring cell survival or programmed cell death when necessary.
HDAC1 shows significant relevance to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer the overexpression or abnormal regulation of HDAC1 can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation often linked to the silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Within neurodegenerative conditions HDAC1-related disturbances in gene expression may result in impaired neuronal function and survival. The involvement of HDAC1 with proteins such as p53 and other HDACs illustrates its impact on complex disease mechanisms making it a critical target for therapeutic interventions.
