Description
Key facts
Applications:WBSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Reacts with:Human,
Form:LiquidSee storage information,
Storage buffer:Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azideConstituents: 50% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.88% Sodium chloride, 0.61% Tris, 0.05% BSA
Product details:
This Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) western blot cocktail is designed to determine the relative abundance of canonical EMT markers. EMT is a process in which a cell transitions from an epithelial-like (attached, polarized) state to a mesenchymal-like (unattached, migratory) state and such transitions occur during development and metastasis. Underlying the morphological cell changes during EMT are transcription factor programs, biochemical cascades and alterations to the cytoskeleton. Beta-Catenin is a transcription factor in the Wnt signaling pathway and is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion; beta-Catenin is typically more abundant in epithelial-like cells. Vimentin is an intermediate filament typically found in non-epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin and GAPDH are also included in this cocktail as loading controls (Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin is reported to be more highly expressed in mesenchymal-like cells, but we find it to be widely expressed in transformed cell lines).
These four readouts are easily resolved by western blot given their different molecular weights. Because this western blot cocktail is a mix of rabbit and mouse monoclonal primary antibodies.
A secondary antibody cocktail of HRP conjugated antibodies (anti-mouse and anti-rabbit) is provided.
Expected and observed MWs:
Beta-Catenin 92kDa
Vimentin 54kDa
Smooth Muscle Actin 42kDa
GAPDH 36kDa
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Beta Catenin Vimentin Smooth Muscle Actin and GAPDH are four significant proteins with distinct cellular roles. Beta Catenin is around 92 kDa and primarily found in epithelial cells participating in cell adhesion and signaling. Vimentin approximately 57 kDa is prominently present in mesenchymal cells where it maintains cell integrity and shape. Smooth Muscle Actin around 42 kDa is an essential component of the contractile apparatus in smooth muscle cells. GAPDH weighing about 36 kDa is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and serves as an important enzyme in glycolysis.
Biological function summary
Beta Catenin engages in the regulation of gene transcription and cellular adhesion by interacting with cadherins. It is part of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker complex which highlights its role in cellular structuring and signaling. Vimentin an essential EMT marker assists in maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype during EMT transition. Smooth Muscle Actin contributes to cellular structural integrity and is an indicator of mesenchymal transition. GAPDH though primarily known for metabolic functions also plays roles in apoptosis and transcriptional regulation.
Pathways
Beta Catenin is a central player in the Wnt signaling pathway pivotal for its transcriptional activity in promoting cell proliferation and differentiation. In this pathway beta Catenin partners with TCF/LEF transcription factors. Vimentin is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway facilitating developments in cellular morphology and mobility. Smooth Muscle Actin contributes to the remodeling of the cytoskeleton during EMT. GAPDH beyond metabolism intersects various pathways related to cell survival and apoptosis.
Beta Catenin aberrations are linked to colorectal cancer due to its role in sustaining cell proliferation. Overactivation can lead to excessive cell division and tumor growth. Vimentin is frequently upregulated in certain metastatic cancers indicating its involvement in tumor invasiveness and motility. Dysregulation of Smooth Muscle Actin manifests in fibrotic disorders due to its role in tissue remodeling. GAPDH although not directly linked as a causative factor shows altered expression levels in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease implying participating changes in cellular energy status and apoptosis.
