Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Plasma, Serum, Cell culture supernatant, Cell Lysate, Tissue,
Assay type:Quantitative,
Sensitivity:= 0.006 IU/mL,
Range:0.008 - 0.24 IU/mL,
Assay Platform:Microplate reader
Product details:
Thrombin Activity Assay Kit (Colorimetric) (ab234620) is developed to determine thrombin activity in human plasma, serum, tissue, cell lysates and cell culture samples. The amidolytic activity of thrombin is quantitated using a highly specific thrombin substrate releasing a pNA chromophore. The change in absorbance of the pNA at 405 nm is directly proportional to the thrombin enzymatic activity.
The entire kit may be stored at -20°C for long term storage before reconstitution - Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Other Notes
Thrombin (activated factor II [IIa]) is a coagulation protein that has many effects in the coagulation cascade. Thrombin is a serine protease (EC 3.4.21.5) that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions. Thrombin is in the form of alpha-thrombin that is the immediate end product of prothrombin activation: two further thrombin products can be identified, beta- and gamma- thrombin. These are degraded forms that may arise from autodigestion of a thrombin preparation.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Multi, Storage information-Please refer to protocols
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Thrombin also known as Factor II or thrombin protein is a 36 kDa serine protease essential for blood coagulation. It is produced in the liver as prothrombin and activated in the coagulation cascade. Its expression occurs extensively in the liver where it plays an important role in converting soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin forming blood clots. Thrombin also activates various other coagulation factors including Factors V VIII and XI amplifying the coagulation response. Biotinylated thrombin variations help in detection and research applications.
Biological function summary
Thrombin modulates several physiological processes beyond clot formation. It serves as a signaling molecule interacting with protease-activated receptors (PARs) to influence cell functions including proliferation migration and apoptosis. Thrombin forms part of the prothrombinase complex comprised of prothrombin activated Factor X (Xa) and Factor V on phospholipid surfaces. This complex is critical for thrombin generation during the clotting cascade. Thrombin's activity extends to involvement in wound healing and inflammation regulation.
Pathways
Thrombin significantly participates in the coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. It not only converts fibrinogen to fibrin in the coagulation pathway but also activates inhibitors like antithrombin which regulates thrombin and other protease activities. Thrombin's interaction with fibrinolysis where tPA and plasminogen are substrates integrates clot disintegration processes. Thrombin's connectivity with proteins such as Factor VII Protein C and antithrombin outlines its diverse role in maintaining hemostatic balance.
Thrombin associates with conditions such as venous thromboembolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Dysregulation of thrombin leads to excessive clotting contributing to thromboembolic diseases. In DIC uncontrolled thrombin activity results in systemic coagulation consuming clotting factors and increasing bleeding risk. Its function alongside proteins like Factor V Leiden and antithrombin deficiencies aggravate thrombotic conditions. Research into thrombin inhibitors aids in developing therapeutic strategies for these disorders.
