Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Citrate plasma, Heparin Plasma, Serum,
Reacts with:Human,
Assay type:Sandwich (quantitative),
Range:1.56 - 50 IU/mL,
Assay Platform:Pre-coated microplate (12 x 8 well strips)
Product details:
Bordetella pertussis
toxin (PT) IgA ELISA kit (ab247192) is designed for the quantitative determination of IgA class antibodies against
Bordetella pertussis
toxin antigens in human serum or plasma (citrate, heparin).
The quantitative immunoenzymatic determination of specific antibodies is based on the ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. Microplates are coated with specific antigens to bind corresponding antibodies of the sample. After washing the wells to remove all unbound sample material a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labelled conjugate is added. This conjugate binds to the captured antibodies. In a second washing step unbound conjugate is removed. The immune complex formed by the bound conjugate is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product. The intensity of this product is proportional to the amount of specific antibodies in the sample. Sulphuric acid is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint colour. Absorbance at 450/620 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader.
Bordetella pertussis
is a respiratory pathogen that causes pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, a localized infection of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchial tree. Pertussis is characterized by a prolonged paroxysmal cough often accompanied by an inspiratory whoop. The disease affects mainly children, but adults have also been increasingly reported to be affected. The pathogen produces toxins which cause local damage to the cilia of epithelial cells, which leads to prolonged illness and pertussis. Disease presentation varies with age and history of previous exposure or vaccination. Severe disease is infrequent in healthy, vaccinated persons. Infants, particularly those who have not received the primary vaccination series against pertussis, are at risk for complications and mortality.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Bordetella pertussis toxin often called pertussis toxin or PTX functions mechanically as an exotoxin produced by Bordetella pertussis. This toxin has a molecular mass of around 105 kDa and comes from the bacterium responsible for whooping cough. It expresses itself in various host cells after the bacterium releases it into the respiratory tract during infection. The pertussis toxin consists of five subunits S1 through S5 which work together to impair host cellular functions by catalyzing the ADP-ribosylation of G-proteins.
Biological function summary
Pertussis toxin disrupts host immune responses and cellular signaling pathways. It is an important component of the ab5 toxin family where one A subunit and five B subunits form a complex to enter cells. The toxin binds to cell surface glycoproteins facilitating its uptake and subsequent inhibition of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. This action interferes with a variety of intracellular processes ultimately leading to altered immune regulation and enhanced bacterial colonization.
Pathways
Pertussis toxin plays a significant role in the intracellular signaling pathways especially impacting the GPCR pathways. The toxin's catalytic subunit modifies the alpha subunit of inhibitory G-proteins (Gi) which prevents normal signal transduction from the GPCRs. This dysregulation impairs processes such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) regulation and immune response modulation. In the GPCR pathway B. pertussis toxin shows close functional relationships with other G-protein coupled components.
Pertussis toxin significantly contributes to the development of whooping cough a respiratory disease that can lead to severe coughing fits. This toxin affects various host immune proteins like chemokine receptors complicating immune response against the Bordetella pertussis bacterium. Additionally its action on the GPCR signaling pathway implicates it in other related respiratory conditions making pertussis toxin a pivotal target for therapeutic interventions and vaccine development against whooping cough.
