Description
Key facts
Cell type:A-431,
Species or organism:Human,
Tissue:Skin,
Knockout validation:Next Generation Sequencing,Western blot,
Mutation description:Knockout achieved by CRISPR/Cas9 X = 22 bp deletion Frameshift = 100%,
Disease:Epidermoid Carcinoma
Product details:
Knockout cell lysate achieved by CRISPR/Cas9.
REACH authorisation
Abcam has not and does not intend to apply for the REACH Authorisation of customers' uses of products that contain European Authorisation list (Annex XIV) substances.
It is the responsibility of our customers to check the necessity of application of REACH Authorisation, and any other relevant authorisations, for their intended uses.
Lysate preparation:
Our lysates are made using RIPA buffer to which we add a protease inhibitor cocktail and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (ratio: 300:100:10).
This means that the protein of interest is denatured.
If you require a native form of the protein please use the live cell version. Please refer to our lysis protocol for further details on how our lysates are prepared.
User storage instructions:
Lyophilizate may be stored at 4°C. After reconstitution, store at -20°C for short-term storage or -80°C for long-term storage.
This product is subject to limited use licenses from The Broad Institute and ERS Genomics Limited, and is developed with patented technology. For full details of the limited use licenses and relevant patents please refer to our
limited use license
patent pages
Properties and Storage Information:
Gene name-CTSD, Gene editing type-Knockout, Gene editing method-CRISPR technology, Knockout validation-Next Generation Sequencing, Western blot, Shipped at conditions-Ambient - Can Ship with Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Cathepsin D also known as CTSD is a protein with a mass of approximately 45 kDa. It functions as an aspartyl protease and is expressed in lysosomes across various tissues including the liver and kidneys. This enzyme acts by cleaving peptide bonds within proteins which is essential for protein degradation and turnover. Cathepsin D exists as precursor forms that become activated in the acidic environment of the lysosome. It plays a critical role in normal cellular processes by maintaining protein homeostasis.
Biological function summary
The enzymatic activity of Cathepsin D is important for cellular maintenance and apoptosis. This protease does not act within larger protein complexes but contributes to the degradation of extracellular and intracellular proteins. It mediates processes like antigen processing where it deconstructs proteins into peptides that are presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. ELISA tests can quantify its expression levels sometimes termed as CTSD activity in various biological samples offering insights into its role within cellular environments.
Pathways
Cathepsin D involvement includes the lysosomal degradation pathway and the apoptotic signaling pathway. In the lysosomal degradation pathway Cathepsin D breaks down proteins and peptides a process important for cellular recycling and energy release. It interacts with other lysosomal enzymes such as Cathepsin B in this pathway ensuring comprehensive breakdown of cellular waste. The apoptotic signaling pathway involves the regulation of programmed cell death where Cathepsin D can influence the activation of downstream proteins like Bcl-2 and Bax which control cell survival.
The overexpression of Cathepsin D links to breast cancer and Alzheimer's disease. In breast cancer increased Cathepsin D expression correlates with tumor progression and metastasis influencing tumor behavior through interactions with other proteins involved in cell proliferation. Alzheimer's disease features the involvement of Cathepsin D in the breakdown of amyloid precursor protein which relates to amyloid beta plaque accumulation. The abnormal activity of Cathepsin D in these disorders makes it a potential target for therapeutic antibodies such as CTSD antibodies which aim to regulate its function.
