Description
Key facts
Cell type:Hep G2,
Species or organism:Human,
Tissue:Liver,
Form:LiquidSee storage information,
Knockout validation:Sanger Sequencing,Western blot,
Mutation description:Knockout achieved by using CRISPR/Cas9, 1 bp insertion in exon 1 and Insertion of the selection cassette in exon 1,
Disease:Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Product details:
We will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival.
This product is subject to limited use licenses from The Broad Institute, ERS Genomics Limited and Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, and is developed with patented technology. For full details of the licenses and patents please refer to our
limited use license
patent pages
Properties and Storage Information:
Gene name-B2M, Gene editing type-Knockout, Gene editing method-CRISPR technology, Knockout validation-Sanger Sequencing, Western blot, Shipped at conditions-Dry Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--196°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--196°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Beta-2-Microglobulin (B2M) is a component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) and plays an important role in presenting peptides to the immune system. B2M weighs approximately 11.8 kDa and is found abundantly in all nucleated cells. It has alternate names such as B2 microglobulin or beta-2-microglobulin. This protein is present in the cell membrane as a part of the MHC I which is important for immune surveillance. Additionally B2M is detectable in various biological fluids including serum and its levels can reflect physiological and pathological states.
Biological function summary
Beta-2-microglobulin is important for the stability and transport of MHC class I molecules to the cell surface. As part of the MHC class I complex B2M assists in binding peptides allowing immune cells to identify and target pathogen-infected cells. Without B2M the MHC class I molecules are not properly expressed on the cell surface disrupting immune recognition. In laboratory settings researchers often use anti-beta-2-microglobulin antibodies to investigate its role in MHC class I function.
Pathways
Beta-2-microglobulin interacts significantly with the immune system most notably in the antigen processing and presentation pathway. It works alongside proteins such as the heavy chain of MHC class I. B2M is important in the pathway that involves the transport of antigens to the endoplasmic reticulum where they are loaded onto MHC class I molecules for inspection by cytotoxic T cells. Another related pathway is the tapasin-mediated processing of antigen peptides highlighting the indispensable role of B2M in immune response regulation.
Beta-2-microglobulin is associated with conditions such as beta-2-microglobulin amyloidosis and certain lymphoproliferative disorders. Elevated levels of B2M in serum serve as a marker for diseases like multiple myeloma where the protein level correlates with disease severity. B2M-related amyloidosis frequently occurs in patients undergoing long-term dialysis where amyloid deposits accumulate in tissues. Linking B2M to immune system dysfunction studies have shown interactions with other proteins including components of the immune system like HLA-A and HLA-B highlighting B2M's relevance in diagnosing and understanding these conditions.
