Key facts
Reacts with:Human,
Target:NOS2See target data
Product details:
Macrophage Polarization Panel - Human IHC (ab278180) contains multiple trial-sized versions of anti-human antibody clones against iNOS, CD11b, Liver Arginase, CD163, CD68, CSF-1-R, TIM 3 and Mannose Receptor specifically selected for high performance in various applications. They are provided as a sampler panel to allow you to easily evaluate each antibody.
For guidelines on how to use each antibody within the panel, please consult the individual datasheet for each antibody.
Panel contains:
- Rabbit monoclonal [SP126] to iNOS (20 μL)
ab115819
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR1344] to CD11b (20 μL)
ab133357
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR6672(B)] to Liver Arginase (20 μL)
ab133543
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR19518] to CD163 (20 μL)
ab182422
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR20545] to CD68 (20 μL)
ab213363
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR20754] to CSF-1-R (20 μL)
ab229188
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR22241] to TIM 3 (20 μL)
ab241332
- Rabbit monoclonal [EPR22489-7] to Mannose Receptor (20 μL)
ab252921
Explore our range of antibody sample panels designed to provide you with a variety of trial-size antibodies in a convenient and cost-effective format.
Carrier-free formulations of our recombinant antibodies are also available for easy conjugation to labels of your choice and for multiplex applications. Use our intuitive search and select carrier-free or your label of choice. For bespoke conjugations or large volumes email
[email protected].
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Storage information--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
CD11b also known as integrin alpha M is a protein with a mass of about 170 kDa. It expresses predominantly on the surface of myeloid cells such as macrophages monocytes and neutrophils. This protein works mechanically as a receptor that binds to a variety of ligands facilitating cell adhesion and migration. CD68 another marker for macrophages is found in cytoplasmic granules and acts as a scavenger receptor involved in the clearance of cellular debris. Liver Arginase a urea cycle enzyme is mostly located in the liver where it hydrolyzes L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea. CD163 a scavenger receptor for hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes expresses on monocytes and macrophages. The mannose receptor primarily found on macrophages and dendritic cells aids in endocytosis and phagocytosis. TIM-3 expressed on T cells and some innate immune cells acts as an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme mainly in macrophages that generates nitric oxide a critical mediator in immune response. CSF-1R a receptor tyrosine kinase is present on macrophages and their progenitors regulating their growth and differentiation.
Biological function summary
These proteins participate in numerous immune-related activities. CD11b and CD68 are important for macrophage polarization influencing the functional state of macrophages. Liver Arginase contributes to macrophage polarization by modulating arginine metabolism. CD163 along with the mannose receptor supports macrophage phenotypic shifts and scavenging activities and TIM-3 plays a role in immune tolerance and downregulation. iNOS participates in macrophage activation producing reactive nitrogen species essential for pathogen defense. CSF-1R aids in macrophage differentiation and proliferation. Together these molecules form a complex interplay that influences macrophage behavior in various tissues highlighted by their involvement in macrophage immunohistochemistry and related assays.
Pathways
These proteins function within immune signaling and metabolic pathways critical to macrophage function. The CD11b integrin is involved in the leukocyte adhesion and migration pathway interacting with other integrins and selectins. Liver Arginase participates in the urea cycle affecting downstream arginine availability which in turn influences iNOS activity and nitric oxide production. CD163 links with cytokine release pathways acting in concert with anti-inflammatory mediators. TIM-3 interacts with the negative regulation pathways of T-cell activation and is relevant in T-cell exhaustion processes. These proteins connect through macrophage polarization markers staining differentiation kits and macrophage IHC in numerous biological contexts.
These proteins associate with inflammatory and immune-related diseases. CD11b and CD68 are markers in atherosclerosis where macrophage dysfunction plays a role in plaque formation and stability. Liver Arginase and iNOS link with conditions like liver disease where imbalances in nitric oxide and arginine metabolism can exacerbate damage. CD163 is associated with chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis playing a part in hemoglobin clearance and anti-inflammatory pathways. CSF-1R mutations and dysregulation are associated with cancer progression as the modulation of macrophage differentiation affects tumor microenvironments. Additionally TIM-3's role in immune checkpoints is being explored in therapies targeting cancer and autoimmune diseases.
