Recommended buffers, solutions Note: Do not use sodium azide in these preparations. Sodium azide inactivates the horseradish peroxidase enzyme. The BD OptEIA™ Reagent Set B (Cat. No 550534) containing Coating Buffer, Assay Diluent, Substrate Reagents A and B, Stop Solution and 20X Wash Buffer Concentrate is recommended. 1. Coating Buffer - 0.1 M Sodium Carbonate, pH 9.5; 7.13 g NaHCO3, 1.59 g Na2CO3; q.s. to 1.0 L; pH to 9.5 with 10 N NaOH. Freshly prepare or use within 7 days of preparation, stored at 2-8°C. 2. Assay Diluent- PBS* with 10% FBS#, pH 7.0. The BD Pharmingen™ Assay Diluent (Cat. No. 555213) is recommended. *Phosphate-Buffered Saline: 80.0 g NaCl, 11.6 g Na2HPO4, 2.0 g KH2PO4, 2.0 g KCL, q.s. to 10 L; pH to 7.0. #Fetal Bovine Serum: Hyclone Cat. No. SH30088 (heat inactivated) recommended. Freshly prepare or use within 3 days of preparation, with 2-8°C storage. 3. Lysis Buffer - 10 mM Tris pH 7.5, 130 mM NaCl, 1% Triton- X100, 10 mM NaF, 10 mM NaPi, 10 mM NaPPi. BD Pharmingen™ Insect Cell Lysis Buffer (Cat. No. 554778) is recommended. 4. Protease Inhibitor Cocktail - BD Pharmingen™ Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Cat. No. 554779) is recommended. 50X Protease Inhibitor Cocktail: 800 µg/mL benzamidine HCl, 500 µg/mL phenanthroline, 500 µg/mL aprotinin, 500 µg/mL leupeptin, 500 µg/mL pepstatin A, 50 mM PMSF 5. Wash Buffer - PBS* with 0.05% Tween-20. Freshly prepare or use within 3 days of preparation, stored at 2-8°C. 6. Substrate Solution - Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and Hydrogen Peroxide. The BD Pharmingen™ TMB Substrate Reagent Set (Cat. No. 555214) is recommended. 7. Stop Solution - 1 M H3PO4 or 2 N H2SO4 Additional Materials Required 1. 96-well BD Falcon™ ELISA plates (Cat. No. 353279) are recommended 2. Microplate reader capable of measuring absorbance at 450 nm 3. Precision pipettes 4. Graduated cylinder, one liter 5. Deionized or distilled water 6. Wash bottle or automated washer 7. Log-log graph paper or automated data reduction 8. Tubes to prepare standard dilutions 9. Laboratory timer 10. Plate sealers or parafilm Specimen Collection and Handling: Specimens should be clear, non-hemolyzed and non-lipemic. Cell lysate: See "Specimen Preparation" below Cell culture supernatants: Remove any particulate material by centrifugation and assay immediately or store samples at ≤ -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Serum: Use a serum separator tube and allow samples to clot for 30 minutes, then centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1000 x g. Remove serum and assay immediately or store samples at ≤-20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Plasma: Collect plasma using citrate, EDTA, or heparin as anticoagulant. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1000 x g within 30 minutes of collection. Assay immediately or store samples at ≤-20 °C. Avoid repeated freezethaw cycles. Standards Preparation and Handling 1. Reconstitution: After warming lyophilized standard to room temperature, carefully open vial to avoid loss of material. Reconstitute lyophilized standard with 1.0 mL of deionized water to yield a stock standard. Allow the standard to equilibrate for at least 15 minutes before making dilutions. Vortex gently to mix. 2. Storage/ handling of reconstituted standard: After reconstitution, immediately aliquot standard stock in polypropylene vials at 50 µL per vial and freeze at -80°C for up to 6 months. If necessary, store at 2-8 °C for up to 8 hours prior to aliquotting/freezing. Do not leave reconstituted standard at room temperature. 3. Standards Preparation for Assay: a. Prepare a 4000 pg/mL standard from the stock standard. Vortex to mix. (See dilution instructions on Instruction/Analysis Certificate.) b. Add 300 µL Assay Diluent to 6 tubes. Label as 2000 pg/mL, 1000 pg/mL, 500 pg/mL, 250 pg/mL, 125 pg/mL, and 62.5 pg/mL. c. Perform serial dilutions by adding 300 µL of each standard to the next tube and vortexing between each transfer. Assay Diluent serves as the zero standard (0 pg/mL). Specimen Preparation A. Prepared Lysis Buffer: BD Pharmingen™ Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Cat. No. 554779) is provided as a lyophilized powder. Before use, add 1.0 mL of pure ethanol to obtain a 50X Protease Inhibitor Cocktail. Spike reconstituted protease inhibitor cocktail 1:50 into Lysis Buffer immediately prior to use. Always store the reconstituted protease inhibitor cocktail at ≤ -20 °C. B. Cell Lysate: 1. Count cells to determine number of cells/mL 2. Spin cells down at 2500 g for 5 min 3. Resuspend cell pellet in ice-cold prepared Lysis Buffer. Use 1 mL of Lysis Buffer per 4 x 10^6 cells. Lyse cells on ice for 45 min. 4. Clear lysate from cellular debris by spinning 40,000 g for 45 min 5. Harvest clear supernatant for analysis. Recommended Assay Procedure 1. Coat microwells with 100 µL per well of Capture Antibody diluted in Coating Buffer. For recommended antibody coating dilution, see lot specific Instruction/Analysis Certificate. Seal plate and incubate overnight at 4° C. 2. Aspirate wells and wash 3 times with ≥ 300 µL/well Wash Buffer. After last wash, invert plate and blot on absorbent paper to remove any residual buffer. 3. Block plates with ≥ 200 µL/well Assay Diluent. Incubate at RT for 1 hour. 4. Aspirate/wash as in step 2. 5. Prepare standard and sample dilutions in Assay Diluent. See "Standards Preparation and Handling". 6. Pipette 100 µL of each standard, sample, and control into appropriate wells. Seal plate and incubate for 2 hours at RT. 7. Aspirate/ wash as in step 2, but with 5 total washes. 8. Add 100 µL of Working Detector (Detection Antibody + SAv-HRP reagent) to each well. Seal plate and incubate for 1 hour at RT. 9. Aspirate/ wash as in step 2, but with 7 total washes. NOTE: In this final wash step, soak wells in wash buffer for 30 seconds to 1 minute for each wash. 10. Add 100 µL of Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate plate (without plate sealer) for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark. 11. Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well. 12. Read absorbance at 450 nm within 30 minutes of stopping reaction. If wavelength correction is available, subtract absorbance at 570 nm from absorbance 450 nm. Assay Procedure Summary 1. Add 100 µL diluted Capture Ab to each well. Incubate overnight 4°C 2. Aspirate and wash 3 times. 3. Block plates: 200 µL Assay Diluent to each well. Incubate 1 hr RT 4. Aspirate and wash 3 times. 5. Add 100 µL standard or sample to each well. Incubate 2 hr RT. 6. Aspirate and wash 5 times. 7. Add 100 µL Working Detector (Detection Ab + SAv-HRP) to each well. Incubate 1 hr RT 8. Aspirate and wash 7 times (with 30 sec to 1 min soaks) 9. Add 100 µL Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate 30 min RT in dark 10. Add 50 µL Stop Solution to each well. Read at 450 nm within 30 min with λ correction 570 nm. Calculation of Results Calculate the mean absorbance for each set of duplicate standards, controls and samples. Subtract the mean zero standard absorbance from each. Plot the standard curve on log-log graph paper, with TRAIL concentration on the x-axis and absorbance on the y-axis. Draw the best fit curve through the standard points. To determine the TRAIL concentration of the unknowns, find the unknown's mean absorbance value on the y-axis and draw a horizontal line to the standard curve. At the point of intersection, draw a vertical line to the x-axis and read the TRAIL concentration. If samples were diluted, multiply the TRAIL concentration by the dilution factor. Computer data reduction may also be employed, utilizing log-log regression analysis. Specificity Cross Reactivity: The following factors were tested in the BD OptEIA™ assay at ≥ 100 ng/mL and no cross-reactivity was identified. Recombinant Human: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-15, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF, LT-α (TNF-β), TNFRI, TNFRII, IL-1sRI, IL-1sRII, sCD40, IL-4sR Limitations of the Procedure · Samples that generate absorbance values higher than the standard curve should be diluted with Standard Diluent and re-assayed. · Interference by drug metabolites, soluble receptors, or other binding proteins in specimens has not been thoroughly investigated. The possibility of interference cannot be excluded. · BD OptEIA™ Sets are intended for use as an integral unit. Do not mix reagents from different Set batches. Reagents from other manufacturers are not recommended for use in this Set.
Store unopened reagents at 2-8°C. do not use reagents after expiration date, or if turbidity is evident. Before use, bring all reagents to room temperature (18-25°C). Immediately after use, return to proper storage conditions. Lyophilized standards are stable until expiration date. After reconstitution, immediately aliquot standard stock in polypropylene vials at 50 µl per vial anf freeze at -80°C for up to 6 months. If necessary, store at 2-8°C for up to 8 hours prior to aliquotting/freezing. Do not leave reconstituted standard at room temperature.
1. For online training for BD OptEIA™ Set ELISA Techniques, please refer to http://www.bdbiosciences.com/OptEIA/downloads.shtml
2. Samples that generate absorbance values higher than the standard curve should be diluted with Standard Diluent and re-assayed.
3. Interference by drug metabolites, soluble receptors, or other binding proteins in specimens has not been thoroughly investigated. The possibility of interference cannot be excluded.
4. BD OptEIA™ Sets are intended for use as an integral unit. Do not mix reagents from different Set batches. Reagents from other manufacturers are not recommended for use in this Set.
5. Reagents which contain preservatives may be toxic if ingested, inhaled, or in contact with skin.
6. Handle all serum and plasma specimens in accordance with NCCLS guidelines for preventing transmission of blood-borne infections.
7. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
8. Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
9. ProClin is a trademark of Rohm and Haas Company.
