Stemcell, 100-1161, Dipyridamole

Inhibit the phosphodiesterase (PDE) family of enzymes (PDE8 IC50 = 9 μM) with Dipyridamole, a bi-directional nucleoside transport inhibitor (Fisher et al., 1998). PDE is an enzyme that breaks down cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), secondary messengers involved in a variety of different signal transduction pathways (Harker & Kadatz). Dipyridamole also inhibits the uptake of adenosine in platelets, red blood cells, and endothelial cells, which can lead to an increase in extracellular concentration of adenosine and intracellular cAMP (Brown et al.).

Dipyridamole has been used for:

CANCER RESEARCH

· Induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells by preventing statin-induced upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) through inhibition of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) cleavage (Pandyra & Penn).

· Reduces tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer cells (4T1-Luc and MDA-MB-231T cells) by decreasing activated β-catenin, phospho-ERK1/2, and phospho-p65, and doubles the expression of IkBα (Spano et al.).

· Reduces cancer cell viability through impairment of autophagic (Chang et al.; Mello et al.; Thomé et al.).