Stemcell, 100-2073, Human Recombinant Gremlin-1, ACF

Gremlin-1 is a secreted protein that specifically binds to bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) family proteins including BMP-2 and BMP-4, preventing them from interacting with their receptors (Hsu et al.). Gremlin-1 is expressed in colon basal crypts where it is thought to contribute to the maintenance of the stem cell niche (Kosinski et al.). Gremlin-1 expression is elevated in disease, including some colon tumors (Kosinski et al.), liver disease, and diabetes (Baboota et al.). Additionally, overexpression of Gremlin-1 has been shown to promote cancer cell migration, proliferation, and invasiveness in a VEGFR2- and BMP-independent manner (Kim et al.). Gremlin-1 has been used for the culture of human colon epithelia and carcinoma organoids (Urbischek et al.). This product is animal component-free (ACF).