Description
Key facts
CAS number:118876-58-7,
Purity:>99%,
Form:SolidSee storage information,
Molecular weight:336.28 Da,
Molecular formula:C12H8N4O6S,
PubChem:3272524,
Nature:Synthetic,
Solubility:Soluble in DMSO to 100 mM,
Biochemical name:2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline,
Biological description:Potent, selective and competitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist. Neuroprotective and anticonvulsant in vivo. Water-soluble form available - please see NBQX disodium salt (ab120046).,
Canonical smiles:C1=CC2=C3C(=CC(=C2C(=C1)S(=O)(=O)N)[N+](=O)[O-])NC(=O)C(=O)N3,
InChi:InChI=1S/C12H8N4O6S/c13-23(21,22)8-3-1-2-5-9(8)7(16(19)20)4-6-10(5)15-12(18)11(17)14-6/h1-4H,(H,14,17)(H,15,18)(H2,13,21,22),
InChiKey:UQNAFPHGVPVTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N,
IUPAC Name:6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-1,4-dihydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Ambient - Can Ship with Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-Store under desiccating conditions, The product can be stored for up to 12 months
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Glutamate Receptor 1 (AMPA subtype) and its related proteins such as BMPR1A BMPR1B and others like GRIK2/GluK2 and GluA3 function as ionotropic glutamate receptors that mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. The mass of individual components like GluA3 is approximately 100-110 kDa. These receptors including kainate subtypes are widely expressed in the brain specifically in areas involved in learning and memory such as the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. AMPA receptors work by allowing the flow of ions particularly sodium and calcium into the cells when glutamate binds to them resulting in neuron depolarization essential for synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission.
Biological function summary
These receptors play an important role in synaptic communication and plasticity influencing processes like learning and memory formation. The GluA3 and GluK2 subunits are integral parts of the receptor complexes that also include other subunits such as GluA4 and GluK5. These receptors dynamically regulate the synaptic strength by their assembly into tetrameric structures determining excitatory synaptic responses. The diversity in subunit composition allows for precise modulation and response to synaptic activity.
Pathways
These receptors participate in key signaling cascades such as the glutamatergic and calcium signaling pathways. They directly interact with other proteins including scaffolding proteins like PSD-95 that link them to downstream effectors in these pathways. In the calcium signaling pathway the opening of these receptors leads to calcium influx which is significant for activating downstream signaling molecules including calmodulin-dependent protein kinases which modulate synaptic strength and plasticity.
The dysfunction of these receptors has a strong connection to neurological diseases like epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Alterations in receptor function or subunit expression particularly those involving GluA3 and GluK2 have been observed in patients with these conditions. These proteins serve as potential targets for drug development and antagonists such as NBQX are being explored for therapeutic intervention. AMPA receptor dysregulation impacts synaptic stability and plasticity contributing to the disease pathophysiology.
