Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Tissue Homogenate, Tissue Culture Media,
Assay type:Competitive,
Sensitivity:= 0.78 ng/mL,
Range:0.39 - 100 ng/mL,
Assay time:2h,
Assay Platform:Pre-coated microplate (12 x 8 well strips)
Product details:
Abcam's 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24-OHC) kit (ab204530) is an in-vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative measurement of 24-OHC levels in tissue culture media, cerebral spinal fluid and tissue homogenate samples.
The homeostasis and trafficking of cholesterol is an essential component of both the central and peripheral nervous system in the maintenance of neuronal tissues. Disturbances in this homeostasis may be due to the onset of various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease and multiple sclerosis.
Apolipoprotein E and Cyp46 (also known as 24S-Cholesterol Hydroxylase) are both important in the homeostasis of cerebral cholesterol 6 and thus are of clinical interest in understanding the relation of these molecules with the pathogenesis of these, and potentially other, neurodegenerative diseases.
24-OHC, an enzymatically-generated side chain-hydroxylated derivative of cholesterol, is a pivotal marker in the study of cerebral cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier however, Cyp46 enzyme converts cholesterol to the more soluble 24-OHC, and this hydroxylated form of cholesterol is able to cross the bloodbrain barrier.7,8 This conversion allows for the reduction of cholesterol in the brain and the efflux of 24-OHC from the brain into cerebral spinal fluid and blood. The flux of 24-OHC has been observed in patients with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. In the instance of Alzheimer's disease, the change in 24S-hydroxycholesterol concentrations may be indicative of different pathogenetic mechanisms and/or the progression of the disease.3 As in the case of multiple sclerosis, concentrations of 24-OHC have been shown to decrease, likely due to the loss of neuronal cells responsible for the synthesis.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Cholesterol sometimes referred to as fchol is a lipid molecule with a molecular mass of approximately 386.65 Daltons. It is an essential component of cell membranes and is found in the plasma membranes of cells throughout the body. Cholesterol primarily resides in the membranes where it modulates fluidity and mechanical properties. Its expression occurs in various tissues but it is abundant in the liver which plays an important role in its synthesis and regulation.
Biological function summary
Cholesterol is important in maintaining the structural integrity and organization of membranes. It is also part of lipid rafts which are specialized microdomains within the cell membrane that facilitate cellular signaling. Cholesterol interacts with proteins and receptors embedded in the membrane influencing their function. It does not form a complex itself but affects complexes within the membrane like lipid rafts and signaling platforms.
Pathways
Cholesterol is a critical component of the steroid biosynthesis pathway and the bile acid synthesis pathway. It serves as a precursor for steroid hormones including cortisol and sex hormones as well as bile acids which are essential for digestion and lipid absorption. Proteins such as HMG-CoA reductase and the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) are key players related to cholesterol in these pathways regulating its synthesis and uptake in cells.
Cholesterol is closely associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol contribute to plaque formation in arteries increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. On the other hand high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol helps remove excess cholesterol from tissues including the arterial walls. Statins a class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels target HMG-CoA reductase and are commonly used in treating hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases.
