Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Citrate plasma, Heparin Plasma, Serum,
Reacts with:Human,
Assay type:Sandwich (qualitative),
Sensitivity:= 100 %,
Assay Platform:Pre-coated microplate (12 x 8 well strips)
Product details:
Zika virus IgM ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit detects IgM antibodies specific to Zika virus in human serum and plasma. ELISA protocols are available in Spanish and English.
Microplates are coated with anti-human IgM-class antibodies to bind the corresponding antibodies of the sample. After washing the wells to remove all unbound sample material, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labelled Zika virus antigen is added. This antigen-conjugate binds to the captured specific IgM antibodies. In a second washing step unbound conjugate is removed. The immune complex formed by the bound conjugate is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product.
The intensity of this product is proportional to the amount of specific IgM antibodies in the specimen. Sulphuric acid is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint colour.
Absorbance at 450/620 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader.
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family (genus Flavivirus). It was first isolated in 1947 from a sentinel rhesus monkey during a yellow fever study in the Zika forest of Uganda.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
IgM also known as immunoglobulin M is a type of antibody with a molecular mass of approximately 970 kDa. It is the largest antibody present in the human circulatory system mostly found in plasma and lymphatic tissue. IgM is secreted primarily by B cells as a pentamer with a J chain providing a high avidity for antigens. When bound to an antigen IgM can activate the complement system a part of the immune system that helps clear pathogens from an organism.
Biological function summary
IgM acts as the first line of defense during the initial stages of an immune response. It plays an important part in agglutination and neutralization of pathogens forming a complex that alerts other components of the immune system to take action. IgM exists before class-switching to IgG providing immediate protection. It also plays a role in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Although not typically a long-term solution its presence is critical for providing initial protection until more specific antibodies like IgG and IgA are produced.
Pathways
The immune response that involves IgM begins with the activation of the classical complement pathway. This pathway bridges the innate and adaptive immunity ensuring the communication and coordination of immune responses. The pathway involves C1q protein binding to IgM-antigen complexes. IgM also interacts with antigen-presenting cells facilitating the processing of antigens and interaction with T cells. These interactions connect IgM with other proteins like IgG and IgA influencing various immune response pathways.
IgM is associated with conditions such as Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and rheumatoid arthritis. Waldenström's macroglobulinemia involves the overproduction of IgM by clonal B cells leading to symptoms like anemia bleeding and neuropathy. Rheumatoid arthritis shows increased IgM levels as part of the autoimmune response affecting joints. In these diseases the IgM antibody interacts with rheumatoid factor and other immune proteins involved in inflammation demonstrating its significant role in autoimmunity and abnormal immune responses.
