Description
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric/Fluorometric,
Sample types:Urine, Plasma, Cell culture extracts, Tissue Extracts, Cell culture media, Serum, Other biological fluids, Cell Lysate,
Assay type:Quantitative,
Sensitivity:> 1 µM,
Assay time:1h,
Assay Platform:Microplate reader
Product details:
ADP Assay Kit (Colorimetric/Fluorometric) (ab83359) provides a convenient colorimetric and fluorometric method to measure ADP level.
ADP assay principle
In the ADP assay, ADP is converted to ATP and pyruvate. The generated pyruvate is quantified by colorimetric (ODmax = 570 nm) or fluorometric method (Ex/Em 535/587 nm).
ADP assay protocol summary
- add samples and standards to wells
- add reaction mix and incubate for 30-min at room temperature
- analyse on plate reader
Conventionally, ADP levels are measured by luciferase/luciferin mediated assays after ADP is converted to ATP. However, the luciferase system is unstable and luminescence equipment is not generally available in most laboratories. In comparison, this assay is simple, sensitive, stable and high-throughput adaptable and can be used with conventional microplate readers.
The ADP assay can detect as low as 1 μM ADP in biological samples.
Other notes
This product was previously called K355 Biovision ADP Colorimetric/Fluorometric Assay Kit. Biovision was acquired by Abcam in 2021.
ADP is a product of ATP de-phosphorylation and it can be rephosphorylated to ATP. De-phosphorylation and re-phosphorylation occur via various phosphatases, phosphorylases and kinases. ADP is stored in platelets and can be released to interact with a variety of purinergic receptors. ADP levels regulate several enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism. ADP conversion to ATP primarily occurs within the mitochondrion and chloroplast although several such processes occur in the cytoplasm.
The Safety Datasheet for this product has been updated for certain countries. Please check the current version in the Support and downloads section.
Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Storage information--20°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
ADP known as adenosine diphosphate plays an important mechanical role in cellular energy transfer. It forms when ATP adenosine triphosphate releases a phosphate group. This process is fundamental for various cellular activities. ADP itself has a molecular mass of approximately 427.2 g/mol. It is widely expressed in tissues where high energy turnover occurs like muscle cells and neurons. This ubiquity allows it to participate in numerous metabolic reactions facilitating the availability of energy.
Biological function summary
Energy transfers drive many cellular processes making ADP a critical component of the cell's energy management system. ADP converts back to ATP through phosphorylation primarily occurring in mitochondria. It works as part of larger enzyme complexes including ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation. This cycle of conversion maintains the balance of energy within the cell.
Pathways
ADP is integral to energy and metabolic pathways particularly glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle. During glycolysis ADP receives phosphates becoming ATP and allowing the cell to harness energy. In the Krebs Cycle ADP interacts with electron transport chain components facilitating ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. The close relationship with ATP and involvement with enzymes like ATP synthase highlight ADP's importance in energy metabolism.
Altered ADP levels can impact metabolic syndromes and cardiovascular conditions. Disruptions in ADP linked pathways may influence conditions like ischemic heart disease where energy supply is compromised. Proteins like ATP synthase and enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are often connected with these disorders as their activity depends on efficient ADP phosphorylation. Identifying problems within ADP handling can therefore be important in understanding and managing related diseases.
