Description
The MAb11 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to human tumor necrosis factor (TNF, also known as TNF-α) protein. TNF is an efficient juxtacrine, paracrine and endocrine mediator of inflammatory and immune functions. It regulates the growth and differentiation of a variety of cell types. TNF is cytotoxic for transformed cells when in conjunction with IFN-γ. It is secreted by activated monocytes/macrophages and other cells such as B cells, T cells and fibroblasts. The immunogen used to generate the MAb11 hybridoma was recombinant human TNF. The MAb11 antibody has been reported to crossreact with Rhesus Macaque TNF.
Immunofluorescent Staining and Flow Cytometry: The APC-conjugated MAb11 antibody can be used for multicolor immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometric analyses to identify and enumerate TNF-producing cells within mixed cell populations (see image). For optimal immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis, this anti-cytokine antibody should be titrated (≤ 0.5 µg mAb/million cells). For specific methodology, please visit the protocols section under "Cytokines (Intracellular Staining)" or "Intracellular Flow" at our website, http://www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources. A useful control for demonstrating specificity of staining is either of the following: 1) pre-block the conjugated MAb11 antibody with a ligand (e.g., recombinant human TNF; Cat No. 554618) prior to staining, or 2) pre-block the fixed/permeabilized cells with unlabeled MAb11 antibody (Cat. No. 554510) prior to staining. The staining technique and blocking controls are described in detail by C. Prussin and D. Metcalfe. A suitable mouse IgG1 isotype control for assessing the level of background staining on paraformaldehyde-fixed/saponin-permeabilized human cells is APC-MOPC-21 (Cat. No. 554681); use at comparable concentrations to antibody of interest.
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated to APC under optimum conditions, and unconjugated antibody and free APC were removed.
1. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
2. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
3. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
4. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
5. Species cross-reactivity detected in product development may not have been confirmed on every format and/or application.
6. This APC-conjugated reagent can be used in any flow cytometer equipped with a dye, HeNe, or red diode laser.
7. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
