Description
The P1G4 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes Anterior Gradient Protein 2 Homolog (AGR2), a ~20 kDa member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. Intracellular AGR2 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of secretory epithelial cells, where it functions as both a molecular chaperone and a disulfide isomerase. It catalyzes the formation, reduction, and isomerization of disulfide bonds to facilitate proper protein folding. AGR2 is essential for the production and secretion of mucins by epithelial cells including those lining the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts, contributing to the maintenance of protective mucus barriers. It also supports high protein output in secretory tissues, such as during lactation in the mammary gland. AGR2 exists in both a dimeric form, which may function as a sensor of ER homeostasis and dissociates under ER stress, and a monomeric form that is secreted. Intracellular AGR2 is frequently overexpressed in epithelial cancers, where it promotes tumor cell survival, proliferation, and resistance to ER stress by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and inhibiting pro-apoptotic pathways, including p53 signaling. Secreted AGR2 acts as a signaling molecule that enhances cell motility, disrupts adhesion, and promotes metastasis. AGR2 can be detected in the serum and urine.
Bead-based compensation or unmixing controls, such as BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™, can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover when bound to fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies. Although these beads have spectral properties similar to cells, variations in spectral emission may occur, resulting in differing spillover values compared to biological controls. Therefore, it is considered best practice to compare the spillover obtained from cells and bead-based controls when using BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™ for the first time, to ensure they are appropriate for the intended application.
The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated to the dye under optimum conditions and unreacted dye was removed. Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
1. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
2. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
3. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
4. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
5. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
6. This product is provided under an intellectual property license between Life Technologies Corporation and BD Businesses. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The buyer cannot sell or otherwise transfer (a) this product (b) its components or (c) materials made using this product or its components to a third party or otherwise use this product or its components or materials made using this product or its components for Commercial Purposes. Commercial Purposes means any activity by a party for consideration and may include, but is not limited to: (1) use of the product or its components in manufacturing; (2) use of the product or its components to provide a service, information, or data; (3) use of the product or its components for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; or (4) resale of the product or its components, whether or not such product or its components are resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for any other use, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0504.
7. Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
8. Alexa Fluor™ is a trademark of Life Technologies Corporation.
9. For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
