Biolegend, 479704, ELISA MAX™ Deluxe Set Human ICAM-1

A cell surface glycoprotein crucial in immune responses and inflammation. ICAM-1 is naturally expressed at low levels across immune, endothelial, and epithelial cells, but when faced with inflammatory stimuli, its presence is upregulated. This dynamic response allows ICAM-1 to serve as both an adhesion receptor and a signaling molecule, playing a vital role in recruiting leukocytes from the bloodstream to sites of inflammation, thereby influencing immune cell activity. Belonging to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, ICAM-1 functions as a ligand for integrins like LFA-1 and Mac-1, facilitating critical interactions during immune responses. Its expression is influenced by a range of cytokines, such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, as well as factors like oxygen radicals and hypoxia. These interactions enable ICAM-1 to support immune cell trafficking, pathogen clearance, and T-cell activation. Elevated levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) have been observed in numerous inflammatory and malignant diseases, including cancer types like pancreatic carcinoma and malignant melanoma, and are associated with prognosis in conditions such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease. This increase in sICAM-1 is also seen in chronic conditions, including COPD, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases, underscoring ICAM-1's role in disease progression and prognosis. Through its multi-functional capabilities, ICAM-1 contributes to the body’s response to inflammation, the resolution of inflammatory processes, and even the regulation of tumor cell survival and spread. Understanding ICAM-1’s role in these processes opens doors for potential therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling inflammation and improving disease outcomes.