Merck, 800816P-25MG, 16:0 DG

General description
In biochemical signaling, diacylglycerol (DAG) functions as a second messenger signaling lipid, and is a product of the hydrolysis of the phospholipid PIP2 (phosphatidylinositolbisphosphate) by the enzyme phospholipase C (PLC) (a membrane-bound enzyme) that, through the same reaction, produces inositol trisphosphate (IP3). Although inositol trisphosphate (IP3) diffuses into the cytosol, DAG remains within the plasma membrane due to its hydrophobic properties. IP3 stimulates the release of calcium ions from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, whereas DAG is a physiological activator of protein kinase C (PKC). The production of DAG in the membrane facilitates translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the plasma membrane.
Diacylglycerol mimicks the effects of the tumor-promoting compounds phorbol esters.
16:0 DG (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol) is a longer acyl chains containing diacylglycerol.
Application
16:0 DG may be used :
to spike brain samples for mass spectrometric analysis
as a diacyl-glycerol source in diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) enzyme assay in human leukemic K562 cells
in Golgi-like liposomes reconstitution

Biochem/physiol Actions
16:0 DG (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol) fails to prevent the late fission events in Golgi membrane. Supplementation of 16:0 DG promotes bacterial growth by preventing sporangia.
Packaging
5 mL Amber Glass Screw Cap Vial (800816P-10mg)
5 mL Amber Glass Screw Cap Vial (800816P-200mg)
5 mL Amber Glass Screw Cap Vial (800816P-25mg)
Preparation Note
Diacylglycerols are conveniently stored in chloroform solutions in glass vials with PTFE-lined caps at -20°C. Under these conditions acyl migration is minimal. Avoid plastic when handling chloroform solutions.
Other Notes
Delivery to cells:
Dry samples of diacylglycerol in chloroform, using a stream of nitrogen. Dissolve the residue in an appropriate volume of ethanol or DMSO, then dilute to the desired aqueous medium.
Effective concentration:
Most biological responses saturate at 20 to 250 μM sn-1,2-dioctanoylglycerol. Only sn-1,2 isomers appear to be active.
Precaution: Since short chain Diacylglycerols mimic effects of the tumor-promoting phorbol diesters in a number of biological systems, extra care should be employed in their handling. Treatment of solutions, vessels and other articles with 1N NaOH before washing or discarding will destroy diacylglycerols.
Legal Information
Avanti Research is a trademark of Avanti Polar Lipids, LLC