Merck, A2385-1G, 5-Azacytidine

General description
Chemical structure: nucleoside
5-Azacytidine is a chemical analog of cytidine. It functions as a hypomethylating agent. 5-Azacytidine is used to treat myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
Application
5-Azacytidine has been used:
for cell induction
to study its effects on bovine fetal mesenchymal stem cells (bfMSC)
to study its effects on human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs)
to study its effects on and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and Ras protein activator like 1 (RASAL1) expression
to interfere with DNA methylation and histone acetylation
to determine its effects on the conversion of control fibroblasts
for optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FA)
for the reactivation of Sal-like protein (SALL)3 expression

Biochem/physiol Actions
A potent growth inhibitor and cytotoxic agent; inhibits DNA methyltransferase, an important regulatory mechanism of gene expression, gene activation and silencing.
Causes DNA demethylation or hemi-demethylation, creating openings that allow transcription factors to bind to DNA and reactivate tumor suppressor genes.
Potent growth inhibitor and cytotoxic agent; inhibits DNA methyltransferase.
5-Azacytidine (Aza-CR) acts as a potential chemotherapeutic regimen for acute myelogenous leukemia. This drug has an ability to selectively increase γ-globin synthesis. Therefore, 5-azacytidine is used in treating severe β-thalassemia. Aza-CR acts as a potential bacteriostatic, antitumor and mutagenic agent. In addition, it also exhibits various biological activity such as, immunosuppressive, antimitotic, radioprotective and virostatic effects.
Features and Benefits
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This compound was developed by Celgene. To browse the list of other pharma-developed compounds and Approved Drugs/Drug Candidates, click here.