Merck, L6143-1MG, Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium

Application
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).
Lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium has been used:
in mice to elicit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines
to induce cytokine production in monocytes
to elicit the activation of NF-κB pathway in mouse dendritic cells.
to induce inflammatory response in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells
for stimulation of the catfish peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) to study estrogen receptor mRNA expression

Biochem/physiol Actions
LPS is a major constituent of the cell wall of most gram negative bacteria. It is a highly immunogenic antigen with the ability to enhance immune responses to soluble antigens. LPS also acts as a specific mitogen for bone marrow derived B lymphocytes from mice, rabbits, chickens, cows, hamsters, and humans.
Preparation Note
Lipopolysaccharides are supplied as lyophilized, γ-irradiated powders. To reconstitute, add 1 ml sterile balanced salt solution or tissue culture medium to the vial (1 mg) and gently swirl until the powder dissolves. Reconstituted product may be further diluted to desired working concentrations using sterile balanced salt solution or tissue culture medium.
Other Notes
To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.