General description
Interferon Lambda 4, also known as IFN-lambda-4, and encoded by the gene IFNL4, is an important cytokine that forms part of our innate immunity against viruses. Interferon lambda-4 activates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and ultimately up regulates several interferon specific stimulated genes. Interferon lambda-4 expression can be stimulated by nucleotide strands particularly ployinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) which mimics the double-stranded hepatitis C virus. A genetic variation in the Interferon lambda-4 gene is associated with susceptibility to HCV infection. The mutation of a single base insertion results in gene inactivation resulting in defective immune response to HCV. Interferon lambda-4 signaling operates through Interferon lambda R1 and IL-10R2 receptors and the mutation is associated with defective glycosylation which is required for secretion, thus the amplification of the signal becomes compromised resulting in susceptibility to HCV as well as coronaviruses.
~21 kDa observed.
Immunogen
Linear peptide corresponding to an internal sequence from the N-termninal half of human interferon lambda 4.
Application
Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:50 dilution from a representative lot detected Interferon Lambda 4 in human and rat liver tissue sections.
ELISA Analysis: A representative lot was conjugated with a sulfo-tag (MSD) and employed as the detection antibody in a sandwich ELISA application. An exogenously expressed IFNL4 HaloTag fusion was found secreted in the culture media from IFNL4-Halo construct-transfected, but not mock-transfected HepG2 cells (Onabajo, O.O., et al. (2015). J. Interferon. Cytokine Res. 35(11):888-900).
Flow Cytometry Analysis: A representative lot immunostained HepG2 cells transfected to express HaloTag fusion IFN-λ4 orthologs of elephant, human and non-human primate (chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus, marmoset, cynomolgus) origins, but not cells expressing IFNL4 of bovine, bat, canine, panda, and porcine species (Paquin, A., et al. (2016). J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 36(1):30-36).
Immunocytochemistry Analysis: Representative lots immunostained HepG2 cells transfected to express HaloTag fusion of IFN-λ4 orthologs of elephant, human and non-human primate (chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus, marmoset, cynomolgus) origins (Paquin, A., et al. (2016). J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 36(1):30-36; Prokunina-Olsson, L., et al. (2013). Nat. Genet. 45(2):164-171).
Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A representative lot detected a time-dependent induction of IFNL4 expression in hepatocytes from a donor heterozygous for ss469415590 (TT/ΔG) upon PolyI:C treatment or hepatitis C virus (HCV) strain JFH1HCV infection in cultures (Prokunina-Olsson, L., et al. (2013). Nat. Genet. 45(2):164-171).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected HaloTag fusion IFN-λ4 orthologs of elephant, human and non-human primate (chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus, marmoset, cynomolgus) origins, but not IFNL4 of bovine, bat, canine, panda, and porcine species transiently expressed in HepG2 cells (Paquin, A., et al. (2016). J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 36(1):30-36).
Western Blotting Analysis: A representative lot detected exogenously expressed IFNL4 HaloTag fusion constructs in transfected COS-7 and HepG2 cells, but not in untransfected cells. Clone 4G1 does not cross-react with IFN-alpha or IL-28B (Prokunina-Olsson, L., et al. (2013). Nat. Genet. 45(2):164-171).
This Anti-Interferon Lambda 4 antibody, clone 4G1 is validated for use in ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry, and Western Blotting for the detection of Interferon Lambda 4.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Clone 4G1 detected IFNL4 expression induction in primary hepatocytes (e.g. by PolyIC or by HCV) and exogenously overexpressed IFNL4 in HepG2 cells. IFNL4 expression is not detectable in normal liver cells (Dr. Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD). Clone 4G1 does not cross-react with IFN-alpha or IL-28B (Prokunina-Olsson, L., et al. (2013). Nat. Genet. 45(2):164-171).
Physical form
Format: Purified
Analysis Note
Evaluated by Western Blotting of human IFNL4 recombinant protein.
Western Blotting Analysis: 1.0 µg/mL of this antibody detected 0.1 µg of human IFNL4 recombinant protein.
