Merck, SMB00610-1MG, Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis

General description
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis. It differs from LPS from Escherichia coli in its structure and various functional activities.
Application
Lipopolysaccharide has been used:

as a treatment to stimulate acute lung injury in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells
as an agonist for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and to stimulate intestinal normal fibroblasts (NFs) to study osteopontin (OPN) expression in myofibroblasts
to study its effects on pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant genes expression in endothelial cells

Biochem/physiol Actions
LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).

Additionally, it was demonstrated that the mechanisms by which LPS from E. coli and P. gingivalis modulate cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) surface expression, primary and secondary cytokine responses are different.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative bacterium that is known to be involved in adult periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the recession of the supportive tissue surrounding teeth. Studies have shown that the LPS from P. gingivalis plays an important role in this disease.
A recent study demonstrated that LPS from P. gingivalis stimulates insulin secretion by the pancreatic β cell line, MIN6. In the presence of 5 mM glucose and 50-500 ng/mL LPS from P. gingivalis, a significant induction of insulin secretion was observed.
Preparation Note
LPS from P. gingivalis is soluble in water and cell culture medium DMEM (1-5 mg/mL), yielding a clear solution.
Other Notes
To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.