Description
Key facts
Cell type:HeLa,
Species or organism:Human,
Tissue:Cervix,
Form:LiquidSee storage information,
Knockout validation:Sanger Sequencing,
Mutation description:Knockout achieved by using CRISPR/Cas9, Homozygous: 1 bp insertion in exon 1,
Disease:Adenocarcinoma
Product details:
We will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival.
This product is subject to limited use licenses from The Broad Institute, ERS Genomics Limited and Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, and is developed with patented technology. For full details of the licenses and patents please refer to our
limited use license
patent pages
Properties and Storage Information:
Gene name-ATG4D, Gene editing type-Knockout, Gene editing method-CRISPR technology, Knockout validation-Sanger Sequencing, Zygosity-Homozygous, Shipped at conditions-Dry Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--196°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--196°C
Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
ATG4D also known as Autophagin-4 is a protein that plays a mechanical role in the autophagy process. It is an integral cysteine protease with a molecular mass of around 50 kDa. This protein is expressed across various tissues prominently in skeletal and cardiac muscle as well as in the nervous system. Its mechanical function involves the cleavage of LC3 proteins and other ATG8 family members which are essential steps for autophagosome maturation and function.
Biological function summary
The action of ATG4D facilitates the cellular autophagy process. It is not part of a larger protein complex but functions independently to regulate the recycling of cytoplasmic components. By ensuring the proper processing of LC3 ATG4D supports the degradation of damaged organelles and proteins maintaining cellular homeostasis. The protein's involvement in pathways promotes cellular survival during stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation.
Pathways
ATG4D primarily participates in the autophagy and mitophagy pathways. It is closely related to proteins such as ATG3 and ATG7 which coordinate to ensure the efficient conjugation and lipidation of ATG8 family members. In the mitophagy pathway it contributes to the selective degradation of mitochondria stabilizing mitochondrial quality control which is important for energy balance in cells.
ATG4D has connections to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Abnormal autophagy processes where ATG4D functions can contribute to conditions such as Parkinson's disease where defective mitophagy leads to neuronal cell death. In cancer the regulation of autophagy by ATG4D can influence tumor development and progression. Proteins such as p62/SQSTM1 linked to autophagy and parkin linked to mitophagy further demonstrate the role of ATG4D in these diseases indicating its importance in pathological conditions.
