Biolegend, 430128, FluoroSpot MAX™ Deluxe Set Human IFN-γ/IL-6

Human IL-6 (Interleukin), also known as B-cell Stimulatory Factor 2 (BSF2), Interferon beta-2 (IFN-β-2), Hybridoma Growth Factor (HGF), is a cytokine, which is expressed by many different cell types such as macrophages, T-cells, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes. It is involved in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. In particular, IL-6 has critical roles in multiple different biological processes including but not limited to B-cell maturation, osteoclast formation, nerve cell differentiation, muscle healing and hypertrophy. Thus, abnormal level of expression and activity of IL-6 can result in a wide range of diseases from chronic inflammation, cancer, to neurodegenerative diseases. Human IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma) is a multifunctional cytokine which is the sole member of the class II Interferon. Although a variety of immune cells can express IFN-γ, most of IFN-γ is produced by T cells and NK cells. It has critical roles in many processes including, but not limited to, anti-viral response, regulating Th1/Th2 balance, enhancing antigen presentation, and controlling cellular proliferation and apoptosis. IFN-γ can bind to 2 receptors: IFNGR1 and IFNGR2, which transduce the signal downstream through the JAK-STAT pathway. Because of its multifunctional nature, dysregulation of IFN-γ expression and activity has been implicated in many diseases such as autoimmune and cancer. BioLegend’s FluoroSpot MAX™ Deluxe Set contains pre-optimized essential reagents and buffers for the simultaneous detection of human IL-6 and IFN-γ secreting cells. In this assay, anti-human IL-6 and IFN-γ capture antibodies are coated on a clear-bottom microplate. Cells (stimulated or unstimulated) are added to the wells and incubated, allowing secreted IL-6 and/or IFN-γ to bind to nearby capture antibodies. After incubation, cells are removed, and fluorescent conjugated detection antibodies are added. The resulting spots represent the "footprints" of individual IL-6 and IFN-γ-secreting cells, enabling precise quantification of both single cytokine-producing cells and dual cytokine-producing cells within the sample.