Biolegend, 635951, Purified anti-ALPL Antibody

ALPL is the tissue-nonspecific member of the alkaline phosphatase protein family, which includes four members: the tissue-nonspecific (liver/bone/kidney) ALP also called TNSALP, encoded by ALPL gene, and three tissue-specific ALPs that include intestinal (IAP), placental (PLAP-1), and placental-like 2 or germ cell (GCAP) ALPs; these enzymes are encoded by ALPI, ALPP, and ALPPL2 genes, respectively. Both ALPL and ALPI are expressed in many vertebrate species, while PLAP-1 and GCAP are expressed only in mammals. ALPL catalyzes the dephosphorylation of compounds in many transphosphorylation reactions. ALPL hydrolyzes monophosphated esters such as phosphoethanolamine, inorganic pyrophosphate, and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate.  ALPL is a homodimeric protein and each monomer possesses 524 amino acids. It is expressed mainly in liver, bone, and kidney tissues, although it can be found in all tissues. It is typically found in a membrane bound form. Its catalytic site harbors two Zn ions and one Mg ion essential for enzyme activity. Mutations in the ALPL gene causing deficiency in ALPL activity result in hypophosphatasia and skeletal defects.  ALPL regulates senescence and differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow. ALPL deficiency induces bone mass loss and increase in marrow fat, characteristics of premature bone ageing. ALPL was found to regulate cancer cell motility in some ovarian cancers via a non-canonical WNT pathway.