Biolegend, 718254, Biotinylated Recombinant Human B7-H4-Fc Chimera (carrier-free)

B7-H4, also called v-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1 (VTCN1) belongs to the type I transmembrane glycoprotein class. It is a constituent of the B7/CD28 superfamily, situated on chromosome 1p12/13.1 and encoded by the VTCN1 gene. The B7 family plays a pivotal role in modulating the immune response, preventing excessive immune activation and plays crucial role in T-signaling activation. B7-H4 emerged as a novel member of the B7 family of co-inhibitory molecules, functioning as an immune checkpoint modulator involved in regulating anti-inflammatory and immune responses. B7-H4 negatively regulates T-cell function. Structurally, B7-H4 comprises two immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains and a large hydrophobic transmembrane domain followed by two intracellular amino acids. It shares variable levels of amino acid sequence identity with other B7 family members: B7-1 (12%), B7-2 (13%), PD-L1 (18%), PD-L2 (18%), and B7-H3 (24%). B7-H4 expresses on T-cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and is induced by local cytokine production such as Il-6, IL-10, and hypoxia. The receptor for B7-H4, distinct from other members of the CD28 receptor family, is expressed on activated T cells, suggesting a potential role for B7-H4 in the regulation of T-cell activation and exhaustion. B7-H4 exhibits widespread expression across various malignancies and is inversely associated with patient prognosis and T cell infiltration within tumors. B7-H4 is another ‘checkpoint’, overexpression of which is indicative of poor prognosis and is linked with cancer progression.