Merck, C1832-5MG, Cyclosporin A

General description
Chemical structure: peptide
Cyclosporin A is a fungal metabolite with immunosuppressive properties. Cyclosporin A is a non-polar cyclic oligopeptide produced by the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. It is a potent immunosuppressive agent, affecting primarily T-lymphocytes.
Application
Cyclosporin A was suitable for:

Using in in vivo Neovascularization Assay, to subcutaneously inject the mice daily for suppressing the immune response.
Measuring the multiple drug resistance transporter activity in putative cancer stem/progenitor cells.
mRNA transcription studies
analytical standard

Biochem/physiol Actions
A fungal metabolite possessing potent immunosuppressive properties. It inhibits the T-cell receptor signal transduction pathway via the formation of cyclosporin A−cyclophilin complex that inhibits calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B). Inhibits nitric oxide synthesis induced by interleukin 1α, lipopolysaccharides and TNFα. Can block cytochrome c release from mitochondria.
Cyclosporin A has been shown to inhibit the functioning of several nuclear proteins involved in T-cell activation at the level of mRNA transcription. It forms a complex with its intracellular receptor cyclophilin, which can then bind to calcineurin, a Ca2+ - and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, inhibiting its enzymatic activity. It was found to suppress the replication of hepatitis C virus genome in cultured hepatocytes.
Potent immunosuppressant; inhibits nitric oxide synthesis induced by interleukin 1α, lipopolysaccharides and TNFα; blocks cytochrome c release from mitochondria.