Description
General description
Enolase (2-phosphoglycerate hydratase) is a cytosolic enzyme. This cytosolic metalloenzyme is encoded by three homologous genes in mammals. Enolase the from baker′s yeast is a homodimer containing two bound Mg²⁺ ions. The peptide consists of 436 amino acids and contains a single cysteine residue and corresponds to a molecular weight of 93 kDa. Two of the active site components include His191 and Arg414. Enolase is seen in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes.
Application
Enolase from baker′s yeast has been used in a study to investigate the contribution of the antibodies response induced by a low virulent Candida albicans strain in protection against systemic candidiasis. Enolase from baker′s yeast has also been used in a study to investigate the role of metal ions in catalysis by enolase.
Enolase from baker′s yeast (S. cerevisiae) has been used as a supplement in assay buffer for phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) enzyme assays.
The enzyme from Sigma has been used as an antigen during ELISA. the study used human granulocyte proteins to identify and characterize autoantibodies against catalase and α-enolase in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. It has been used to study temperature- and denaturant-induced yeast enolase denaturation using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It has also been used along with other proteins to study gradient chromatofocusing-mass spectrometry; a new technique for protein analysis.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Enolase is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. Enolase is essential for both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Enolase plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Enolase, found in the nucleus of mammalian cells plays a key role in transcriptional modulation of genes, which participates in morphological transformation and cell proliferation.
The phosphorylated tyrosine residue present in yeast enolase forms a substrate for phosphorylation by tyrosine protein kinase. Apart from Mg²⁺, the enzyme can be activated by Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Cd²⁺.
Physical form
Lyophilized powder containing Tris buffer salts
Other Notes
One unit will convert 1.0 μmole of 2-phosphoglycerate to phospho(enol)pyruvate per min at pH 7.4 at 25 °C.
