Merck, I5271-5UG, Interleukin-1β from mouse

General description
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) cytokine is generated by monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and keratinocytes. Pro-IL-1β, an IL-1β precursor undergoes proteolytic cleavage to produce its active form of 17 kDa.
Application
Interleukin-1β from mouse has been used:
as a proinflammatory agent, to induce inflammatory signaling cascades mediated cellular damage
to study its effect on fetuin A-induced inflammatory response in podocyte
to check its effect on the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 using 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Biochem/physiol Actions
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a potent inflammatory cytokine, and mediates inflammation through proinflammatory molecules: cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and nitric oxide. IL-1β release is stimulated by injury and increased levels are observed in response to severe pain. It has its main function in T-cell activation, antigen recognition and T-helper cell 17 cell development. IL-1β is also responsible for the formation of IL-17 and IL-22 by nature killer T (NKT) cells and NK cells. It is known to induce inflammation in psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. IL-1β controls intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. It is significantly associated with bone damage and vascular injury.
Physical form
Lyophilized from 0.2 μm filtered solution in 10mM Sodium Citrate, pH 4.0
Analysis Note
The biological activity is measured by the dose-dependent stimulation of murine D10G4.1 cells.
Other Notes
The two closely related agents, Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) bind to the same cell surface receptor, elicit nearly identical biological responses and yet share 25% homology in their amino acid sequence.