Description
General description
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) can induce the activity of PLD1 (phospholipase D1) but not PLD2 (phospholipase D2).
Through the protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway, PMA is a tumor promoter associated with:
gene transcription
cell growth
cell differentiation
programmed cell death
immune pathway
receptor desensitization
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is used to study:
growth factors
hormones
cytokines-mediated regulation of cellular growth and differentiation
PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) is an activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and a known tumor promoting agent. PMA also exhibits clastogenic (chromosome-breaking) activity.
Application
Suitable for
molecular biology studies as standard
analytical studies of tumor promoters
promotion of cell growth
PMA has been used:
for the detection of intracellular cytokines
in CellROX oxidative stress assay
for Huh7 cell stimulation to investigate dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) re-distribution
as a positive control in B-cell receptor (BCR) stimulation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells
in the differentiation of monocytes (THP -1) into macrophages
Biochem/physiol Actions
Potent tumor promoter; activates protein kinase C (PKC) in vivo and in vitro.
Features and Benefits
Stimulation of interleukin 2 production of Jurkat cells
T-cell stimulation
Protein kinase C (PKC) activator
NF-κB Activator
Promotion of cell growth
Used in analytical studies of tumor promoters
Molecular Biology grade
Analysis Note
Stimulation of interleukin 2 production of Jurkat cells
T-cell stimulation
Protein kinase C (PKC) activator
NF-κB Activator
Promotion of cell growth
Used in analytical studies of tumor promoters
Molecular Biology grade
Disclaimer
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